César Gustavo Gómez Sierra, académico del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN),recorre diario desde hace un año, 25 kilómetros a una velocidad de 80 km por hora en un automóvil que era de gasolina y lo convirtió 100 por ciento en eléctrico para impartir clases en la Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas (ESIQIE).
El auto modelo 2002, transmisión manual de cinco velocidades, 130 caballos de fuerza y un peso de 1285 kilogramos, fue convertido en un año durante su tiempo libre.
8 BATERÍAS DE LITIO DE ÚLTIMA GENERACIÓN
Este carro está equipado por un banco de ocho baterías de litio de última generación con un peso de 100 kilogramos, 32 celdas a 3.2 voltios en serie, un cargador de baterías de 1500 watts con entrada universal y un conector J1772, un convertidor DC de 120 volts a DC de 12 V, un kit de motor y controlador HPEV, sistema de administración de energía electrónica con tablillas balanceadoras, monitor LCD, una bomba de vacío y otros accesorios.
La ventaja de este vehículo radica en que la recarga de las baterías se puede llevar a cabo en cualquier contacto de toma corriente de 110 volts o en tomas autorizadas en centros comerciales con la ventaja que en estos es gratuita.
La toma residencial es económica porque para realizar un traslado de 25 kilómetros las pilas se cargan con un consumo de cuatro kilowatts, si se traslada esto al precio actual de la Comisión Federal de Electricidad (CFE), que es de un peso por cada kw se invierten cuatro pesos diarios y el costo de mantenimiento es mínimo. La recarga se completa entre tres y cuatro horas, depende del porcentaje de las pilas.
SE MANEJA COMO SEMIAUTOMÁTICO
El vehículo se puede manejar como semiautomático, ya que puede arrancar tanto en primera como en segunda y aprovecha la inercia para que se recargue mediante un freno regenerativo, puede transportar a cinco personas sin disminuir su desempeño y este sistema eléctrico se adapta a cualquier modelo o marca de carro.
El docente explicó que a lo largo de este año, usándolo diario, tuvo que cambiar sus hábitos para conducir, porque no es lo mismo que el de gasolina y subrayó que “el costo de la conversión es alto (180 mil pesos), pero inferior si se compara con el de un auto eléctrico de agencia que es de entre tres o cuatro veces más.
Es una inversión porque las baterías tienen una vida útil de aproximadamente 1500 recargas si se usan hasta un 60 por ciento, pero se recomienda ampliar su durabilidad a 3500 ciclos de recarga si se usan al 80 por ciento, lo que prolonga la vida de las mismas. Traducido en años aproximadamente más de 10”.
SE ELIMINA CONSUMO DE GASOLINA
Gómez Sierra declaró que para su elaboración, primero buscó información en Internet y encontró que casi no hay datos de quién haya conseguido una conversión a auto eléctrico. Sin embargo, siguió buscando y encontró que el ingeniero sonorense Marco Antonio Gaxiola Michael ya realizó este procedimiento y fue él quien compró, importó y envió los componentes desde California, Estados Unidos para este proyecto.
Reiteró que con este vehículo se elimina el consumo de gasolina, las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero a la atmósfera, así como el uso de aceites y lubricantes que un motor convencional requiere.
Foto para ilustrar: coches electricos, motor vehiculo electrico, conversiones,empresa
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